What is the financial statement showing a company's performance over a specific period called?

The financial statement that shows a company's performance over a specific period is called the Income Statement. This document summarizes the revenues, costs, and expenses incurred during a designated timeframe, typically a fiscal quarter or year. The key purpose of the Income Statement is to provide insight into the company's ability to generate profit by comparing total revenue against total expenses, highlighting the net income or loss for that period.

By analyzing the Income Statement, stakeholders can assess various aspects of a company's financial health, including its operational efficiency, profitability trends, and the effectiveness of its cost management. This information is crucial for investors, management, and analysts in making informed decisions regarding the business's performance and potential for future growth.